Wupatki
Today  Wupatki  appears  empty  and 
abandoned,  but  it 
is  remembered  and 
cared  for  . 
Though  it  is 
no  longer  physically 
occupied,  Hopi  believe 
the  people  who 
lived  and  died 
here  remain  as 
spiritual  guardians.  Stories 
of  Wupatki  are 
passed  on  among 
Hopi,  Navajo,  Zuni, 
and  perhaps  other 
tribes  .  Members 
of  the  Hopi 
Bear,  Katsina,  Lizard, 
Rattlesnake,  Sand,  Snow, 
and  Water  Clans 
return  periodically  to 
enrich  their  personal 
understanding  of  their 
clan  history.   
Amidst 
what  would  seem 
a  generally  inhospitable 
area  due  to  the  lack 
of  food  and 
water  sources,  several 
artifacts  have  been 
located  at  the 
site  from  distant 
locations,  implying  that 
Wupatki  was  involved 
in  trade.  Items 
from  as  far 
as  the  Pacific 
and  the  Gulf 
Coast  have  been 
located  at  the 
site,  such  as 
many  different  varieties 
of  pottery,  during 
numerous  excavations  stretching 
back  to  the 
site'  exploration  in 
the  mid 1800s.  
 The 
many  settlement  sites 
scattered  throughout  the 
monument  were  built 
by  the  Ancient 
Pueblo  People,  more 
specifically  the  Cohonina, 
Kayenta  Anasazi,  and 
Sinagua.  Wupatki  was 
first  inhabited  around 
500  AD.  The 
dwelling's  walls  were 
constructed  from  thin, 
flat  blocks  of 
the  local  Moenkopi 
sandstone  giving  the 
pueblos  their  distinct 
red  color.  Held 
together  with  mortar, 
many  of  the 
walls  still  stand. 
Each  settlement  was  constructed 
as  a  single 
building,  sometimes  with 
scores  of  rooms.   
The largest settlement on monument territory is the Wupatki Ruin, built around a natural rock outcropping. With over 100 rooms, this ruin is believed to be the area's tallest and largest structure for its time period. The monument also contains ruins identified as a ball court, similar to those found in Mesoamerica and in the Hohokam ruins of southern Arizona; this is the northernmost example of this kind of structure. This site also contains a geological blowhole.Other major sites are Wukoki and The Citadel.Wupatki, which means "Tall House" in the Hopi language, is a multistory Sinagua pueblo dwelling comprising over 100 rooms and a community room and ball court, making it the largest building for nearly 50 miles.
Nearby  secondary  structures 
have  also  been 
uncovered,  including  two 
kiva-like  structures.  A 
major  population  influx 
began  soon  after 
the  eruption  of 
Sunset  Crater  in 
the  11th  century,which 
blanketed  the  area 
with  volcanic  ash; 
this  improved  agricultural 
productivity  and  the 
soil's  ability  to 
retain  water.  By  1182,  approximately 
85  to  100 
people  lived  at 
Wupatki  Pueblo  but 
by  1225,  the 
site  was  permanently 
abandoned.
The largest settlement on monument territory is the Wupatki Ruin, built around a natural rock outcropping. With over 100 rooms, this ruin is believed to be the area's tallest and largest structure for its time period. The monument also contains ruins identified as a ball court, similar to those found in Mesoamerica and in the Hohokam ruins of southern Arizona; this is the northernmost example of this kind of structure. This site also contains a geological blowhole.Other major sites are Wukoki and The Citadel.Wupatki, which means "Tall House" in the Hopi language, is a multistory Sinagua pueblo dwelling comprising over 100 rooms and a community room and ball court, making it the largest building for nearly 50 miles.
Nearby  secondary  structures 
have  also  been 
uncovered,  including  two 
kiva-like  structures.  A 
major  population  influx 
began  soon  after 
the  eruption  of 
Sunset  Crater  in 
the  11th  century,which 
blanketed  the  area 
with  volcanic  ash; 
this  improved  agricultural 
productivity  and  the 
soil's  ability  to 
retain  water.  By  1182,  approximately 
85  to  100 
people  lived  at 
Wupatki  Pueblo  but 
by  1225,  the 
site  was  permanently 
abandoned.







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